Advantages and disadvantages of various ceramic materials

1.Alumina ceramics:    (white/ivory)    20W (thermal conductivity) The higher the purity, the better the insulation performance

     Advantages:

     Good insulation, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, suitable for high temperature, high pressure and chemical corrosion environment.

     Disadvantages:

     relatively brittle, easy to be damaged by impact, difficult to process, high cost. Although alumina ceramic substrate has a large output and is widely used, its thermal conductivity is higher than that of monocrystalline silicon, and the application of high frequency, high power and very large scale integrated circuits is limited.

2.Zirconia ceramics:    (white/black)    2-3W

     Advantages:

     With high hardness, high toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, suitable for high temperature and chemical corrosion environment.

     Disadvantages:

     high cost, easy to be affected by thermal shock, difficult to process, not suitable for high temperature impact environment.

3.Silicon Carbide ceramics:    (gray-black/yellow-green)    20W

     Advantages:

     With high hardness, high thermal conductivity and excellent high temperature resistance, it can operate stably in extreme environments.

     Disadvantages: relatively brittle, easy to be affected by stress resulting in fracture, difficult to process, high cost.

4.Silicon nitride ceramics:    (black/blue/white)    20-80W theory can reach 400W

     Advantages:

     High hardness, withstand greater force and wear, stronger durability, high corrosion resistance, high temperature stability, excellent wear resistance, ultra-low expansion coefficient, good thermal conductivity.

     Disadvantages:

     high cost, difficult processing, brittle, not easy to manufacture large size silicon nitride ceramic parts

‌5.Aluminum Nitride Ceramic:    (White/Grey)‌    170–220 W/(m·K)

‌     Advantages:‌

     Outstanding Thermal Conductivity‌、Excellent Electrical Insulation‌ Resistivity: >10¹⁴ Ω·cm、‌Low Thermal Expansion Coefficient‌ Expansion coefficient at RT–400°C: 4.5×10⁻⁶/°C、Superior Mechanical Properties‌ Flexural Strength: 300–400 MPa、Vickers Hardness: ~12 GPa、High-Temperature & Chemical Stability‌ Melting Point: ~2200°C Stable in air up to 1400°C

‌     Disadvantages:‌

     High cost、High brittleness、Difficult to machine、Poor electrical conductivity